Oil-burning system.



E. W. DUNN.

OIL BURNING SYSTEM.

APPLIGATION FILED FEB. 8,1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

E. W. DUNN.

OIL BURNING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. e, 1912.

,L1 10,1 3 9' Patented Sept.8,1914J 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' Ey www {rrr-ah EMANUEL W. DUNN, F SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

GIL-BURNING SYSTEM.

.Lilith pecificati'on of Letters Faten't.v

Patented Sept, 8, 19t/ll.,

To all whom it may concern Be it known that l, EMANUEL Vf. DUNN, acitizen of the United States, residing in the city and county ot SanFrancisco and State ot California, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Oil-Burning Systems, ot which the following is aspecifica tion.

This invention relates to a system for the control and combustion or"hydrocarbons.

It is one of the objects of the present invention to provide a systemtorthe control and combustion oit hydrocarbons, in which there isarranged a combination of elements all cooperative to produce themaximum heating eliiciency due to combustion of the oil; to provide anoil handling syst-em designed to procucc a mixture ot 1nydrocarbon andsteam, and air, it desired, 'tor the pur-` pose ot producing' aninllannnable gas, means being provided to control to a niccty ,thevolume and the pressure of the oil to be burned, and means beingprovided to control the admission and pressure ot the steam or otherfluid which may be utilized in aiding combustion by vaporizingthe oil.

,lt is also an objectot the invention to provide in combination in asystem for feeding' and consuming` hydrocarbons means l whereby thepressure ot the steam employed to force the hydrocarhcm or oil throughthe apparatus` is automatically controlled by the pressure of the oildischarged by the pump; to provide means whereby a portion ot the steam,which may be used for the vaporization ot the oil, may be used topreliininarily heat the oil before it is admitted to the mixing chamberand to heat air;v

and to provide means whereby the steam utilized in the heater is alsoconducted to and used in the mixer, a suitable pressure regulating,rmedium being` introduced in the system to control the pressure ot thesteam or the air used Jfor heating and vlnporizing the oil.

A further object of the invention is to provide in combination with thesystem a reservoir or tank of suitable design and location wherein maybe safely contained the oil handled in the system, and which is soconnected in the system that the former may be drained ft water orsediment, as necessarv, by a pump employed in the system; n beine alsoprovided whereby the iiuitl may be admitted under pressure to seavengeand cleanse the The invention consists of the parts and the constructionand combination of parts as hereinafter more fully described andclaimed, having reference to the accompanying drawings, 1n which Figurel is a general view of the apparatus in partial section. Fig. 2 is adetailed view of the mixing valve. Fig. 3 is a section on line X-X, Fig.2. Fig. lV is, a view of the spray tip det-ached. Fig. 5 is an enlargedvertical section of one of the pressure regulators.

In its illustrated embodiment the system comprising my inventionincludes a. tank, reservoir or other container A located in suitableposition, 'which position is now frequently determined by municipalordinances for the safety of the building in connection with which oilburninjr systems may be used. lt is one ot the particular fe; tures ofthe present invention that when the oil tank is of necessity locatedbelow the `gfrouinl or at some distant point troni the Lgeneral plant,the tank may be cleansed or drained at necessary times withoutrequiringl the attention of a person immediately at the tank.

To that end the tank is connected to a suitable pump B bv a suction pipeQ, which extends well toward the bottom ot the tank, i

which may be 'formed ot a depressed portion il wherein will naturallycollect heavier partielcsl ot sediment and Water`r which occasionally iscontained in the oil. rthe vpipil 3 is connected to the pump ll and iuthe connection l provide a valve Llwhich may be closed to prevent thesuction ot water,v

etc., through the pipe i2 by the pump when the latter is in operation.

Under normal conditions oil is drawn.

troni the tank through a, suction pipe 5 which extends down into thetank a suitable depth and preferably terminates at a point considerablyabove the bottom ot the tank, and in the suction pipe 5 is a valve (lwhich may be closed when the valve 4.- ot the suction pipe Q is opened.During' the normal operation of the plant the suction pipe is closed byits valve 4 andthe oil suction pipe 5 is opened to communication withthe pump by opening valve t5. 'Plien-when the pump is running, a volumeol comparatively pure oil will be drawn from the tank through the pipe ySteam to drive the pump B is derived from a boiler C, to which the'present system come is shown connected, so .that the oil pumped throughthe system, Whenburned in the tur nace ot the boiler, produces steam, aportion of which steam is delivered :trom the boiler C through a mainpipe 7 provided with branches 8 9, the former having a valve 10connected to a pressure controlling device, indicated at 11, from whichthe steam Will pass to the pump through a oonncction 1Q having a valve13, whereby the` Aoperation or. the pump may be controlled.

branch 14 may be connected to the .steam pipe 12, so that steam may beconducted into a Washer or spray head in 'the tank. lllhen steam orother fluid is turned into the spray head 15, this Will thoroughlyscavenge or cleanse the tank A, While the sediment may be drawn from thetank by the pump through the suction pipe Q'When the valves are properlyadjusted.

ll] hen the pump B is operating and druiving oil through the pipe 5, theoil is dischared by the pump into a reed pipe 1G, in which is a van@ is.'rhs ma@ ie in uw @n pipe 1G is normally open when the ump is operating,or the oil and the liqui is delivered through the feed pipe 16 into asuitable form ot mixing and heating chamber D, from Which it passes'in avaporizetl condition into a burner E. rllhe valve 18 is closed to cutotl the oil pipe 16 when the pump is running to draw Water or residuematerial from the bottom oi the tank; a connection 17 delivering therefuse or drained material to a pipe 19, in Which is a valve 20 normall1 closed during the pumping ot oil throng feed pipe 1G.

hc branch 9 from the main steam pipe connects to a pressure regulator 21from which extends a low pressure branch 22 in Which is mount-cd a valve23; the latter being' connected by a pipe 24 to heater D, to which isconnected the oil feed pipe 16.- 1lhe steam, which is utilized, in part,to raise the temperature of the oil as it passes through the heater D,will 'then pass immediately from the heater into burner E.

lt may be sometimes, and frequently is, desirable to very materiallyincrease the temperature ot' the steam which `is delivered to the heaterl), and for that purpose l conneet to the pipe Q-'t a superheatingbranch 27,2 which extends into the ireboxof the 'turnace, as shown, andreturns to, and is con' nected with the pipe 24C below the valve 23.lThe super-heating branch 27 is provided with; suitable controllingvalves Q55, so that the iow oi' steam through the branch may becontrolled or cut out, as desired.

@ne of the important purposes otl the sup-erhcating branch QT is tofirst .raise the temperature ot the oil from pipe 1G 1n the' mixer l),so as to materially decrease the density or increase the fluidity of theoil, and also, by increasing the temperature of' Literie the steam, itsvaporizing edect upon. the oil in the mixer is gradually increased.'llhis superheating of the steam, as provided in the present system, isvery valuable in the handling of certain oils, it being Well known thatthe specific gravity and viscosity oit oil vary greatly, and the maximumheating etticiency ot these various grades of oil can onl be produced ina system capable ot the various adjustments of the temperature andpressure of the steam and oil being handled. lt is to that end that thepresent system .is provided with elements conducive of the desiredresult.

One of the particular features oft the present. invention is in soorganizing the system that the pressure of the steam operative upon thepump B may be controlled at all times automatically by the pressure ofthe liquid fuel discharged byA the pump. ln the present instance thisautomatic control is accomplished by connecting to the pump B a pipe orconnection 30, in" which may be mounted a pressure gage 31; the pipebeing connected to the pressure regulator 11 which may be of suitableconstruction and which is adapted to operate tor the control o1z thesteam passing through the branch 8 to the pump li.

The )ressure .regulator 11 may be so ad jus-ted t iatl the pump will beoperated by the pressure or" steam designed to discharge from the pumpoil having a, given pressure, and once the regulator 11 is set toproduce a given relation ot pressures between the pressure of the steamdriving the pump and the pressure ot the oil delivering from the pump,the latter pressure will at all times automaticalliy control thepressure delivered to the pump through the pipe 12 by means of theregulator 11, to which the conneetion 30 is secured. linother Words, ifa given pressure in the steam pipe 12 Will pro duce a certain pressureof oil in the oil pipe 1G, and the regulator 11 is set to maintainconstantly the ratio of proportion in the pressures, any increase otpressure in the steam line which Will tend to increase the pressiire inthe pump line 16, will render the inerecsing pressure oitl the oil inthe line 30 eilective, through the medium ot the pressure regulator 11,to cut down the pressure of the steam in the pipe 12.

lt is also desirable to provide in the system means for automaticallycontrolling the pressure ot the steam which is utilized in part to heatthe oil in the heater D and later to vaporize the oil, and thisfautomatiecontrol otl the pressure of the steam used for these purposesis accomplished by connecting to the feed pipe 2Q a pipe 32, in `whichmay be mounted a gage 33; thel pipe 32 being connected to the pressureregulator Q1 in the branch 9. rllhe operation of the regulater 21 inthis case is such that, TWhen an in lll) tit;

ti ti lltttll 'Miti minnie crease of pressure occurs in the branch pipeand there is a tendency to further increase the pressure in the pipe 24,the latter in- Will automaticallyetect the pressure regulator 2l to eutdown the pressure passing through from the pipe 9; thus at all timesmaintaining a given or fixed pressure in the steam utilized in the mixerD.

l't will thus be seen that I have combined in my oil handling systemmeans for automatically controlling Vthe pressure 03": the oil deliveredto the burner E andv means for` automatically controlling the pressureof the steam utilized to Vaporize the oil.

rthe invention illustrated discloses means whereby the eil and steam maybe admitted simultaneously to the mixer l), at normal temperature of thesteam comingfrom the main pipe T, or, if' desired, the temperature ofthe steam before being admitted to the mixer l) may be increased by thedirection of the steam through the superheater 27, and from which it isdelivered into the heater D tor proportionately increasing thetemperature et the oil from the feed pipe 16, so that both thetemperature of the steam and the oil increased simultaneously when thesuperheater 27 is connected up.

(lne. ot the objects of providing inde-V pendent, separately operablepressure regulators, as ll-Ql, is to provide for the separate control ofpressure ot' oil in the feed pipe 16 and the separate control of thepressure in the atomizing steam coming through feed pipe Q4; the objectof the independent control being to maintain the pressure ot oil in theYiced pipi` 1G slightly in excess oi. that ot ithe mixing` steam in thepipe 24e, to prevent the. excess pressureot' steam, should it exist,'from forcing the oil backwardly from the mixer l).

Having provided an organization of parts cooperative to produce amechanism eliicient for the combustion of hydrocarbons it is alsonecessary to employ means whereby the proportions of the oil, air andsteam, as to ilu-ir -i-lumen may be nicely determined for the betteroperation of the system, which includes means for the refineddetermination ot the Volume of the oil and steam; and have tound thatgoed results are obtained eben e volumes of oil and steam are so controud. 'o accomplish this control, I employ a mixer er Valve, as D,including a easing provided with a bore in Which is movable a plug orvalve 35, having an upper channel 3G, and a lov-:er axial channel 37;the upper end of the valve 35 connecting i "th the eil 'leed pipe 16 andthe lower end .'-l the Ysalve ilu connecting with the steam feed pipe"lie-channel 3G of 4the valve 35 cou'ununicatcs vwith an oil duct 38 inthe eas ot the mixer l), by means of one or the other of a plurality o'fdifferently sized radial openings, as 39-39-39a.

rlhe lower axial duct 3T, into which steam may be ladmitted,communicates with a discharge chamber Ll0 in the mixer D vthrough one orthe other of a series ot' radial, dit'- ierently sized ports el-l-l-l-4le. The ports Sil-ll, SQL-All, and 33'413 are l'neferably arranged ina common line longitudinally in the valve and each set of' the ports, asdesignated, for inst-ance, 32P-41, is positioned according to its site;in this instance, the'ports 35)-41 being the smallest` in the series,and When turned to register with the respective channels SSP-l0 in themixor,'a proportionate Volume of steam and oil will be admitted into themixingr chamber i3 of the mixer. Since the ports 39---1 are the smallestin their respective series, `the smallest volume of oil and swam Will bedelivered into the mixer, and if a larger volume of each is desired, theValve 35 is turned by its handle to bring the next larger set oit'openings, as 35) 41 into registration with vthe channels d8-40. rl`husthere may be always introduced in the mixer D a given' or fixedproportion of oil and steam; the latter being` constantly andautomatically subjected to similar or diti'erent pressures, asdetermined by the adjustment of the pressure controlling devices llwl.

The necessity in a systen'i ot this kind for the pre-visita ot' a valvepermitting the inlet ot iixed proportions of steam and oil is apparent'because of the Variations in the quality of oi and also by reason otthe variations permitted in the pressure et the oil and steam by thesystem provided; the maximum heating;y Values et the oil being'deri'ifei'l only when the proper degree of ,pressure and the properproportions ot i vcam and oil eau be obtained, with the proper volumeol' air.

ln cold climates it is desirable to apply heat to the hydrocarluin or'oil in the tank so that it can be drawn with more facility into thesuction pipe 5, Fig. l. ln this iustance l have shown the suction pipe 5as surrounded by a heating cylinder 5 connected to the steam pipe ll,Vfrom which sutticient steam may be arlinitlcd to the heater 5 to `heatthe oil immediately adjacent the suction pipe 5, thus aiding in its flowthrough the pipe, a small quantity ot steam being sullicient for thepurpose,

A-suitable form of door or gate i6 is shown at the furnace, which may beregulated to admita proper volume of air thereto. ln order to keep theinfeeding oil heated as it passes the mixer l), the superheater islocated close to the mixer. ls many branches of oil. feeders as desiredmay be led from the feed pipe 1G; one branch i6 being indicated andhating; a pressure redueer 1G for lowering the pressure in the branch1G.

Fig. 2 is a detail of the. heater and mixer D, to the bottom of which isattached the .llO

@teem pipe 2G, the eil pipe i6, and air supply pipe 5d. The oil fleurethrough e. central duet 5l te the port 36 of the "vr-Jive plug', thesteam enters e Chamber 52 around the duet 5i, thus heating the oil, andlthe air from pipe 50 enters si chamber 53, thus also being hearted bythe steunt jiilhen desired, air may be directed into the channel 3i" oithe 'valve by removing'. a. plug 5d 'from the heater D, Fig. 3, @peilingi port 55 leading to the valve channel 3?.- By placing; plug' 5d in thesteam duct 52, Steam ie stepped from flowing to valve 35 While air isadmitted, a plug, 54:2 and the plug 5d being transposed.

By the peculiar eenstruetion or' the heater D the oil is heated to thedesired temperature right at the burner by the steam in chamber 52, thuswith Cil having a temperature by which itg viscosity can he controlled;with steam and oil at.v given pressures, and hy means of theproportioning valve 35, :i mnst perfeet'eontrol 0I" fuel and ilame is0htzzined. l'f desired, air may he turned into vulve 35 in lien et steamby velmnging pestition nt the plug' 5d.

The air pipe 5() is provided With an automatic controlling valve 55, bywhich pressure of nir admitted to the heater and mixer l) issnieelydetermined, zig.; muy be required.

4Uil may he dieeharged through one of the openinge, :is 39 of the valve,Without mir;H ing with a vapnrizing medium, by cntling' ofi' fiew nf thelatter sind inserting a. tip 0r nozzle (10, Fig. 4, in the heater D toeut oi the iiow te chamber 40, so that Oil unier pressure forced throughthe vulve will issue from the tip C() in :L small thread or and hereadily combustible. 'By varying pressure in the eil Supply pipe '16,the :fiume can he controlled independently of the Valve 35.

Having thus described .my invention, what tent isW l. 'llhe een Steamgenerntii A fiirnsiee and e h mer oil Simply, e, pum

' burner, ein `l' oiler n seid app pressure@ it one el? Said dieeliurgedmini including` meene to burner and nti: temperature el! t; burner.

2. The eonihiimiiinn. in an nil hu* L tem, of an eil hnrner, en eil up Ator connected. to e hurner i boiler in Wi. steam preesnre is genereb :itthe burner, i pump epei from Said heiler, en inteinetie neeted. te thedi.L pipes in which h 1 .meeting th e heile] and p1' ermtrolling thespeed steam supply thereto if el'izirge pr 51eme, eenrientinne steamSupply pige and the neetien including n iifiiiiinhe oil lived conductorwhernhv in temperature be tip, une a govern@ to hnrner wuneetinii wheiratio between the eil. and :s is :intnn'mtiemliy iiizdiltnined. lnteetinieny whereof my hand in the presence nf'itnesses.

llilitneesee:

d e ieri

